It's also thought that the extremely close quarters allowed the universe's very first particles to mix, mingle, and settle into roughly the same temperature. To pull this off, we'd need to know how gravity works on the subatomic scale, but we currently don't. It's thought that at such an incomprehensibly dense, energetic state, the four fundamental forces-gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces-were forged into a single force, but our current theories haven't yet figured out how a single, unified force would work. Here’s the theory: In the first 10^-43 seconds of its existence, the universe was very compact, less than a million billion billionth the size of a single atom. The idea received major boosts from Edwin Hubble's observations that galaxies are speeding away from us in all directions, as well as from the 1960s discovery of cosmic microwave radiation-interpreted as echoes of the big bang-by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson.įurther work has helped clarify the big bang's tempo. This theory was born of the observation that other galaxies are moving away from our own at great speed in all directions, as if they had all been propelled by an ancient explosive force.Ī Belgian priest named Georges Lemaître first suggested the big bang theory in the 1920s, when he theorized that the universe began from a single primordial atom. The best-supported theory of our universe's origin centers on an event known as the big bang.
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